Process Risk Management Ebook

The Process Risk Management Ebook - Ian Sutton uses methods such as risk tree analysis combined with process safety information to help you gain an accurate operational risk assessment. This 272 page HSE book is a must read for the HSE Manager and those studying process hazards analysis. Excellent safety and environmental performance in the process industries does not happen by chance after all, most process facilities handle large quantities of toxic, flammable and explosive materials, often at high temperature and pressure. Such processes are inherently hazardous. Therefore process risk must be properly understood and managed. An effective risk management program has three elements. First, the program must be properly grounded in theory. Second, risk management has to be based practical. Many risk analyses are theoretically interesting, but they do not provide much practical help to managers, operators and engineers working on operating facilities and on projects. The third element in an effective risk management program is the appropriate use of both the ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ approaches to both analysis and follow-up. The ‘hard’ approach relies on the use of formal models, quantitative data and an objective examination of equipment and instrumentation. The ‘soft’ approach, on the other hand, is oriented more toward understanding people and their behaviors. The best risk management programs and this book, combine both approaches. Synopsis by Chapter: Chapter 1 - Risk Management provides an overview of risk management in the process industries. Terminology - such as the important distinction between the words 'frequency' and 'probability' - is explained, as are fundamental concepts, such as the role of safeguards in a process safety management system. Chapter 2 - Hazards Identification describes how hazards can be identified, usually in a team environment. The role of the team leader facilitator, scribe and department specialists is discussed, as is the all important topic of writing the final report. The chapter points out some of the limitations of typical hazards analyses, and discusses how hazards analysis fits into the overall topic of process safety management. Chapter 3 - Hazards Analysis Techniques describes some of the more commonly used methods for identifying hazards. The Hazard and Operability HAZOP method is discussed in depth, as are Failure Modes & Effects Analysis FMEA, Checklists and the What-If approach. The strengths and limitations of each technique are described. Chapter 4 - Consequence Analysis provides an overview of some of the major consequence issues facing the process industries. These include fires, explosions, and toxic gas releases. Chapter 5 - Likelihood Analysis provides a background to the difficult yet important issue of risk quantification. The chapter starts by discussing the Pareto Principle, then discusses the Fault Tree Analysis method in some depth. The final section of the chapter outlines some of the limitations that are inherent in quantification work. Note: The fault tree content of this chapter is available in an expanded form in Fault Tree Analysis . Chapter 6 - Common Hazards explains that many hazards are common to a wide variety of processes and technologies. A wide range of such common hazards are listed in this chapter. About the Author ... Ian Sutton has been working as a process of risk management specialist for many years. During that time he has written a number of books and ebooks on the topic titles include Process Hazards Analysis, Process Safety Management, Management of Change, Writing Operating Procedures for Process Plants, Process Reliability and Safety, Y2K and the Process Industries sales of which are not what they were and Fault Tree Analysis. 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Price: US$69.95 272 Pages Table of Contents Chapter 1 — Risk Management Introduction About this Series Ebooks Books Engineering Minutes / Events Reference Material Worked Example Clients / Customers Senior Management Facility / Plant Managers Project Managers Regulators / Auditors Malicious Acts Health, Safety & Environmental HSE Programs Environmental and Sustainability Programs Health Safety Process Safety Management Process Safety Management Non-Prescriptive Performance Based Elements of Risk Hazards Hazard Scope Safe Limits Maximum Allowable Working Pressure MAWP Unsafe Mixing Scenarios Materials of Construction Table Consequences Type of Consequence Safety Environmental Health Economic Predicted Frequency Presence of Persons Economies of Scale Levels of Protection / Safeguards Safeguard Level 1: Normal Operations Safeguard Level 2: Procedural Safeguards Safeguard Level 3: Safety Instrumented Systems Safeguard Level 4: Mechanical Safeguards Check Valves Pressure Safety Relief Valves Safeguard Level 5: Passive Safeguards Safeguard Level 6: Emergency Response Subjective Nature of Risk Degree of Control Familiarity with the Hazard Direct Benefit Personal Impact Natural vs. Man-Made Risks Recency of Events Effects of the Consequence Term Acceptable Risk As Low as Reasonably Practical - ALARP De Minimis Risk Citations / ‘Case Law’ Indexing Methods Risk Matrices Consequence Matrix Worker Safety Public Safety and Health Environmental Impact Economic Loss Frequency Matrix Risk Matrix Risk Management Process Step 1. Identify the Hazards Creative / Imaginative Experience-Based / Engineering Standards Logical / Rational Step 2. Risk Rank Step 3. Identify Hazard Causes Step 4. Eliminate or Substitute the Hazard Step 5. Remove the People Step 6. Mitigate the Consequences Step 7. Reduce the Likelihood Step 8. Install Safeguards Risk Check Common Cause Events Utility Failure Instruments on Manual Instrument Pluggage Vibration External Events Maintenance Availability Human Error / Untrained Personnel The Risk Register Finding Number Node Hazard / Consequence / Likelihood / Risk Follow-Up Conclusions Chapter 2 — Hazards Identification Introduction Historical Development Organization of a Hazards Analysis Charge / Scope Letter Abandoned Equipment Preparations Logistics Location of the Meeting Projection of Notes Documentation Requirements Block Flow Diagrams BFDs Process Flow Diagrams PFDs Piping and Instrument Diagrams P&IDs Cause and Effect Diagrams Layout Diagrams Security of the Information Time Required Kick-Off Meeting Close-Out Meeting Short Analyses The Team Leader / Facilitator Process Knowledge Challenge the Status Quo Ante Creative Thinking Casual Remarks “If We Had Unlimited Money” Generalizations Team Management Knowledge of Actual Incidents Lawyer-Like Behavior Persona Personal Preparation Engineering Standards The Scribe Operations / Maintenance Expert Process Expert Instrument Expert Specialists Sophisticated Use of Language The One-Minute Engineering Department Results of the Analysis Findings Recommendations Action Items The Hazards Analysis Report Timeliness Writing Style Non-Emotional Language Findings and Recommendations Abstraction Minimalist Writing - Make Every Word Tell Omit Needless Words Eliminate Tautologies Short, Simple Words Minimize ‘Soft’ Materials Eschew Obfuscation Language Style Findings Terminology Completen